America(US) the superpower

America(US) the superpower

We begin in 1750 in North America it's been 115 years since settlers from Western Europe mostly fleeing poverty famine or religious and political persecution first arrived on the continent their arrival came at the expense of millions of Native Americans who lived there for thousands of years mostly in tribes on the east coast.

 

History of America

 Great Britain has established colonies inhabited by one and a half million people the northern regions depend mainly on fishing and trade while in the south the climate is ideal for growing products such as tobacco rice and cotton rich landowners called the planters seas vast territories that they exploit by buying slaves from Africa via the triangular trade further west the Appalachians form a natural boundary.

Beyond it is the vast French colony which lives mainly off the fur trade tensions rise between the French and British colonies when the Seven Years War breaks out in Europe Britain dominates and takes hold of New France Native American tribes living there unite to demand the departure of the British and the recognition of their own state to calm the situation.

The British government hurriedly carves out an Indian Reservation between the Appalachians the Mississippi River and the Great Lakes this does not please the colonists who wanted to seize the opportunity to extend their territories to the west in addition war proves costly for Britain the country expects its colonies to repair parts of his debt through new taxes which fur.

                                                

There angers the settlers in Boston in protest of taxes on tea colonists disguised as Native Americans climbed on board British East India Company ships and throw out its tea cargo into the ocean [Music] with the situation tense representatives from 12 colonies gather in Philadelphia to organize the First Continental Congress they decide to boycott British goods.

The following year the wall of Independence breaks out pitting the insurgents also called the Patriots against the British and its loyalists on July 4 1776 the Second Continental Congress proclaims the independence of the United States of America France sees an opportunity to avenge its defeat in the Seven Years War having invested heavily in its military fleet.

The country has the means to compete with the Royal Navy France allies with the Patriots Spain and the United province of the Netherlands in turn go to war against Great Britain in 1783 the Patriots prevail forcing Britain to recognize the Independence of the country the United States receives territories under the Mississippi while Spain seizes Florida this marks the first time a European colony gains independence the United States adopts a constitution based on a strict separation of powers the legislative power formed by the Congress passes laws and budgets the judiciary with the Supreme Court upholds the Constitution and finally there is the executive power with the US president the head of government on the other hand.

The 13 states retain sovereignty over their own constitution and governor it was decided to build the new Capitol Washington along the Potomac River in the West each new territory with at least 60,000 free citizens would be allowed to form a new state equal to the others pioneers set off to relocate they're pushing back Amerindian tribes further west of the Mississippi River in 1800 France obtained Louisiana from Spain in exchange for the kingdom of Etruria but it proves difficult to protect this vast faraway and relatively less known territory fearing the loss of Louisiana to United Kingdom in war France decides to sell the region to the United States Congress then funds expeditions to explore and reach.

The Pacific Oceans in Europe France and the UK clash again the United States first tries to remain neutral but following tensions with Britain enters the war it fails in a bid to invade the colony of Canada as a British maritime raid reaches Washington and burns the city at the end of the war the United States abandoned it ambitions in the north and focuses on the south where the Spanish Empire is in decline a military incursion in Florida allows after negotiations the annexation of the territory in the West Oregon is shared with the United Kingdom east of the Mississippi five Amerindian tribes are adapted to the settlers sedentary and agrarian lifestyle but Congress nevertheless decides to take over the land and pushes the natives to a reserved west of the Mississippi.

                                    

Thousands die of exhaustion on the way in Mexico Texas which is populated mainly by settlers from the United States declares its independence after a war the Republic of Texas is created and in 1845 is annexed to the United States but as a border is poorly defined both countries are at war the United States prevails and take the opportunity to annex New Mexico and California where the discovery of gold causes a rush that attracts hundreds and thousands of pioneers of all origins with the land route proving dangerous private funds are invested in the construction of a railway in Panama.

The state of California is admitted which does not have slavery southern states are largely agrarian and have slavery while northern states are industrial and abolitionist both sides wish to extend their model to the new western states causing the gap between them to widen in 1860 Abraham Lincoln who is hostile to slavery is elected president of the country in response southern states secede from the United States one by one and band together to proclaim the Confederate States of America then begins the civil war which pits the unionists of the north against the Confederates of the south the North sets up a maritime blockade on the Atlantic coast cutting out any potential support from Europe and blocking cotton exports.

In 1865 the North prevailed and takes the opportunity to impose its policies slavery is abolished and three and a half million slaves are freed but African Americans are now victims of segregation and racism especially through the emergence of the Ku Klux Klan a white supremist organization many migrated to the north while others move to cities the Russian Empire fears losing Alaska to Britain so chooses to sell the territory to the United States to accelerate its conquest of the West the government finances the construction of transcontinental railway lines in the center of the country the invention of new machinery allows intensive agriculture vast plantations of wheat corn and large pastures are set up at the expense of the last 250,000 Amerindians.

Who are kept on reserves on the other hand the rich soil allows rapid development of Industry the old continent Europe now views the United States as an Eldorado fleeing poverty and religious persecution many Southern and Eastern Europeans migrated to the United States where they work as cheap labor but the economic boom only benefits a minority an elite group of industrialists grows rich quickly by establishing monopolies in sectors such as steel railways oil and banks at the expense of workers and peasants including women and children working in harsh conditions strikes and protests erupt demanding better conditions but these are often met with violence by private militias or the National Guard.

While European powers colonize a large part of the world the United States also looks to project its power on the international scene while annexing Hawaii in the middle of the Pacific the country turns to Cuba where there is a revolt against the Spanish the United States supports Cuban independent ists after the mysterious explosion of a u.s. Navy ship in the port of Havana war breaks out between Spain and the US the u.s. wins obtains the independence of Cuba and seizes Puerto Rico Guam and the Philippines the country thus becomes a colonial power in Colombia a French company begins construction of a canal that would connect the two oceans greatly shortening the journey between the u.s. east and west coasts the United States buys a project and then intervenes to support the independence of Panama.

In return the new government of Panama offers the us a strip of land which helps complete the construction of the canal inaugurated in 1914 in Europe World War one begins with workers and peasants on the front lines industry on the continent slows down the US industry takes advantage of this and despite the country's neutrality in the war cells on credit ammunition food clothes and automobiles to the on tante countries in response derman ii tries to impose a maritime blockade by sinking merchant ships in British waters in 1917 a German telegram destined for Mexico is intercepted proposing a military alliance against the United States.

This pushes the u.s. to go to war on the side of the auntaunt and two million soldiers are sent to European fronts one hundred and sixteen thousand soldiers lose their lives after the victory of the auntaunt Europe finds itself indebted to the United States the economy of the u.s. prospers in factories improvements in the assembly line cause production to skyrocket and decrease prices to rise in purchasing power and credit results in a boon for the sales of cars all kinds of appliances and Bancshares Hollywood becomes a major industry with global influence thanks to the sale of radios music genres such as jazz become popular in New York mainly nightclubs open stimulating the sale of alcohol the more conservative government tries to stand the phenomenon by voting for prohibition forbidding the production transport or sale of alcohol in response thousands of speakeasy spring up throughout the country mafia networks seize the market and get rich quickly.

Meanwhile the South misses out on this wave of prosperity falling prices for agricultural products plunge the region into poverty the Ku Klux Klan comes back into prominence this time also targeting Jews Catholics and immigrants in addition to african-americans the organization reaches five million members and is then banned after several lynching episodes in 1929.

The Wall Street stock market crash takes place the US economy collapses in a few short years a string of bankruptcies of companies and banks pushes a quarter of the active population into unemployment prohibition is lifted and steps are taken to try and revive the economy and improve working conditions in Europe World War two breaks out the United States although officially neutral prepares for war by reinstating military service in addition the country sells arms mainly to the United Kingdom and the USSR in the Pacific Ocean.

In order to curb the expansion of imperialist Japan allied to Nazi Germany the United States imposes upon the country an embargo on steel and oil in response Japan launches a surprise attack on Pearl Harbor causing the u.s. to enter the war the country secretly embarks upon a research program to create the atomic bomb in 1945 the Allies overcome Germany the USSR and the US then unite against Japan a ground invasion by the Soviets and two atomic bombs dropped by the United States on the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki forced Japan to surrender at the end of the war.

The u.s. supports the creation of the United Nations whose primary role is to maintain peace and security in the world Europe find itself in ruins and is exhausted by war the United States and the USSR emerge as the two great world powers after World War two the USSR and the United States try and peddle the influence in Europe the u.s. implements the Marshall Plan while the Soviet Union supports Pro communist governments in eastern countries the old continent is found divided by the Iron Curtain the USSR and the u.s. engage in a cold war that is an arms race without a direct confrontation the u.s. largely spared the ravages of war on its territory has an industrial economic and military advantage inside the country.

 

America success

federal officials sympathetic to communist ideas are dismissed Hollywood is also used to churn out anti-communist propaganda on the global arena the country employs an interventionist policy aimed at stemming at all costs the spread of communism the u.s. intervenes in Greece China and engages his military in Korea and Vietnam the Soviet Union for its part invests heavily to catch up with the US after developing atomic weapons of its own it becomes the first country to send a satellite into orbit and further outdoes itself by sending the first man into space.

The u.s. then launches the Apollo program which aims to send the first astronaut to the moon in Cuba an attempt to overthrow the new communist government fails the Soviet Union takes advantage to ally with the country and installs nuclear missiles on its territory pointed at the u.s. tensions build to a point where it seemed a third world war was imminent however an accord is reached between the two world powers resulting in the USSR withdrawing from Cuba within the country more and more civil rights movements gained momentum forcing the government to review its social policies african-americans began nonviolent actions to combat segregation more and more women into the workforce and demand equal pay.

Native Americans also fight for better conditions moreover with the u.s. at war in Vietnam students and hippie pacifist movements called for peace in 1969 the country sends the first man to the moon worldwide millions of viewers watched the event live on the television on the global arena the US tries to ease tensions it begins diplomatic rapprochement with China and signs agreements with the USSR to limit the global arms race in the Middle East the u.s. supports Israel in the Yom Kippur War for which it is then subject to an oil embargo imposed by OPEC countries in Vietnam after negotiations the u.s. withdraws their army two years later the Communists prevail in the country tarnishing the image of the United States.

The USSR takes this opportunity to intensify its international policy the country occupies Afghanistan and in reaction the United States provides military support to the Mujahideen in Central America us also intervenes in Nicaragua and Guatemala to counter communist revolutions Iran after a revolution becomes an Islamist Republic that goes against US policy the latter strengthens its military presence in the Middle East to ensure the security of oil supply on the Soviet side the USSR struggles to contain the revolutions in Eastern Europe with its economy in tatters despite attempts at reform in 1991.

The USSR collapses marking the end of the Cold War the u.s. emerges as the only major world power domestically the population calls for more investment in the fight against poverty crime gangs and drugs however the US continues to primarily focus on its foreign policy showing an apparent willingness to become the world's policeman of sorts when Iraq invades Kuwait which then held 9 percent of the known oil reserves in the world the United States forms a coalition and neutralizes the Iraqi army the u.s. then establishes a list of countries considered as rogue and threatening global peace and stability these nations are subjected to blockades and embargoes meanwhile the military presence of an ally of Israel in the Middle East borders radical Islamists including the terrorist group al-qaeda headed by Osama bin Laden who is a former ally from the Afghan war us facilities and assets around the world are targeted by terrorist attacks on September 11 2001 the United States becomes the victim of a large-scale terrorist attack on its territory terrorism thus becomes the new enemy of the country but it proves more difficult to fight this war as terrorist organizations operate discreetly in mobile networks Without Borders hadn't launched a war against the Taliban in Afghanistan.

The u.s. hardens its stance against North Korea Iran and Iraq which it considers part of an axis of evil a new war is launched against Iraq but US troops after quickly overthrowing the government find themselves fighting against several terrorist groups in the region in 2007 the subprime mortgage shock followed by the financial crisis plunges the global economy into turmoil the country tries to revive its economy among other measures by boosting the extraction of shale oil on its territory today the interventionist policy of the country is increasingly countered by rising powers such as Russia and China the United States however remains the most powerful economy and military in the world.

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